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Margaret Tyler (c. 1540 - c. 1590) was the first Englishwoman to translate a Spanish romance and the first woman to publish a romance in England.〔 She also published a defense of the seriousness and importance of women’s writing. She proposed that both men and women should be treated as rational beings, arguing that “it is all one for a woman to pen a story, as for a man to address his story to a woman.”〔(Bell, Sandra. "The Broadview Anthology of Sixteenth Century Poetry and Prose." Sandra Bell, Marie Loughlin, Patricia Brace )〕 In 1578, the publication of ''The Mirrour of Princely Deedes and Knighthood'', Margaret Tyler's translation of Diego Ortúñez de Calahorra's Spanish romance, ''Espejo de Principe y Cavalleros'', was met with criticism because its masculine and secular topic was considered inappropriate for a woman. Other women had translated religious literature, as this conformed with the notion that female education should promote piety. Treaties and handbooks on education stressed the danger in allowing eager female students to read foreign tales of love. Tyler protested in her letter “to the reader” against restrictions imposed on the literary efforts of women. ==Life== Tyler's biography remains speculative. The identification of even her class and religion are difficult and controversial. The only certainties about her life are described in the dedicatory letter she wrote to Lord Thomas Howard in her translation of the first part of ''The Mirrour of Princely Deeds and Knighthood''.〔 In this dedication, Tyler explains that she was a servant to the aristocratic Howard family and describes herself as "middle-aged". Based on these two facts, some scholars have identified her as the wife of another servant, John Tyler, who was responsible for the duke's tenant and land records.〔(''Comparative Literature Studies'', v044 44 ).〕 References to "Tyler's wife" in a contemporary letter indicate that she may have served in the Howard family in the 1560s and served the Woodhouses and Bacons in the 1570s. A will written by a Margaret Tyler in 1595 at Castle Camps, a town near Cambridge, indicates that she may have had a son, Robert Tyler, and a daughter surnamed Ross.〔 Some scholars, most notably Maria Ferguson and Louise Schleiner, believe that Tyler was Catholic since she served in the Catholic Howard family.〔 〔Ortúñez, De Calahorra, Diego, Margaret Tyler, and Kathryn Coad. Margaret Tyler. Aldershot, England: Scolar, 1996.〕 She may also have been Spanish-born, and would have journeyed to England with the retinue of Alvaro de la Quadra, the ambassador of Philip II.〔 Ferguson, however, conjectures that Tyler may have been a pseudonym for Margaret Tyrell, who was related by marriage to the Howards. The source of Tyler's knowledge of Spanish is not known. Knowledge of the Spanish language was of value to English merchants at the time due to the importance of Spain’s economy.〔 During that era, merchants' daughters or the servants of traveling diplomats may have learned the language.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Margaret Tyler」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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